As a parent, teacher, or nanny, few things are scarier than imagining your baby or child in an emergency. But here’s the good news: knowing infant CPR can turn panic into action. One of the most critical questions caregivers ask is: “What is the ratio for CPR on a baby?” Let’s break it down in a way that’s easy to remember—because when seconds count, clarity saves lives.
Breaking Down the CPR Ratio for Infants
Let’s cut straight to the chase: the CPR ratio for babies is 30 compressions to 2 breaths if you’re acting alone. If another trained person is helping, switch to 15 compressions to 2 breaths. These numbers aren’t random—they’re science-backed to maximise oxygen delivery to a baby’s brain and body during cardiac arrest.
The golden rule for infant CPR:
- 30 chest compressions followed by 2 gentle breaths (30:2 ratio) if you’re the only rescuer.
- 15 compressions to 2 breaths (15:2 ratio) if two trained rescuers are present.
- At a rhythm of 100-120 compressions per minute (think of the beat to Stayin’ Alive by the Bee Gees).
This ratio ensures oxygen-rich blood keeps circulating while minimising interruptions—a balance that’s vital for a baby’s survival.
Here’s a Step-by-Step guide on baby CPR.
CPR Ratios Across Ages: A Quick Comparison
To avoid confusion, here’s how infant CPR differs from adult and child CPR:
| Age Group | Compression-to-Breath Ratio | Compression Depth | Hand Placement |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infant (<1 year) | 30:2 (1 rescuer) / 15:2 (2 rescuers) | 4 cm | Two fingers or two-thumb encircling |
| Child (1–8 years) | 30:2 | 5 cm | One or two hands on the chest |
| Adult | 30:2 | 5–6 cm | Two hands on the chest |
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Even well-meaning caregivers can slip up. Here’s what to watch for:
- Pressing too hard: Babies’ ribs are fragile. Stick to the 4 cm depth.
- Incomplete chest recoil: Let the chest rise fully between compressions.
- Hyperventilating: Gentle breaths are enough—overinflating can damage the lungs.
- Delaying CPR: Start compressions immediately if the baby isn’t breathing.
When to Stop CPR
Continue CPR until:
- The baby starts breathing or moving.
- Emergency responders take over.
Get Practical Training—It’s Worth It!
While this guide equips you with the basics, hands-on training builds muscle memory and confidence. We offer infant CPR courses tailored for parents and caregivers.
Even if you don’t remember the 30:2 CPR ratio for babies – remember just to start! Practice the steps, bookmark this guide, and consider practical training. Your little one’s safety is worth every second of preparation.
